شاخص امنیت بوم‌شناختی در حوزه آبخیز کوزه‌تپراقی، استان اردبیل

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی و عضو پژوهشکده مدیریت آب، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی،

2 دانشجوی دکتری علوم و مهندسی آبخیزداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ایران

3 استادیار گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی و عضو پژوهشکده مدیریت آب، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، ایران

10.22034/eiap.2023.169991

چکیده

پژوهش حاضر با هدف تحلیل امنیت بوم‌شناختی حوضه کوزه‌تپراقی استان اردبیل بر اساس معیارهای مرتبط با الگو و فرآیندهای سیمای سرزمین در دو سطح کلاس کاربری اراضی و زیرحوضه انجام شد. بدین‌صورت که ابتدا شاخص جامع الگوی سیمای سرزمین با استفاده از تلفیق معیارهای تکه‌شدگی (SPLIT)، شاخص بزرگ‌ترین لکه (LPI)، تراکم حاشیه (ED) و تراکم لکه (PD)، و شاخص جامع فرآیند سیمای سرزمین بر اساس معیارهای گسستگی (DIVISION)، شاخص میانگین شکل لکه (AREA-MN)، شاخص تجمع (AI)، بعد فرکتال (FRACTAL) و ضریب شدت فرسایش خاک (Z) محاسبه شدند. سپس، شاخص امنیت بوم‌شناختی بر اساس تلفیق دو شاخص جامع نام‌برده در دو سطح کلاس و سیما برای 36 زیرحوضه مورد محاسبه و مقایسه قرار گرفت. در نهایت، درجه امنیت بوم‌شناختی در پنج طبقه خیلی‌کم، کم، متوسط، زیاد و خیلی‌زیاد طبقه‌بندی و پهنه‌بندی شد. بر اساس نتایج مشخص شد که حوضه کوزه‌تپراقی از نظر کلی دارای سطح پایینی از امنیت بوم‌شناختی است. هم‌چنین مقدار شاخص‌های جامع الگو و فرآیند سیمای سرزمین به‌ترتیب برابر با 28/0 و 37/0 و میانگین شاخص ارزیابی جامع امنیت بوم‌شناختی آبخیز برابر با 25/0 به‌دست آمد. حداکثر مقدار شاخص امنیت بوم‌شناختی برابر با 78/0 مربوط به زیرحوضه‌ 14 (بخش جنوبی حوضه) و حداقل مقدار این شاخص برابر 03/0 مربوط به زیرحوضه 33 (بخش شمالی حوضه) محاسبه شد. در مجموع، بخش‌های جنوبی و جنوب غربی حوضه در وضعیت امنیت زیاد و متوسط و بخش‌های شمالی در وضعیت امنیت خیلی‌کم قرار گرفته‌اند. نتایج حاضر می‌تواند در برنامه‌ریزی کاربری اراضی، ارزیابی اثرات بوم‌شناختی و مدیریت منابع حوضه کاربرد داشته باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Ecological security index in the KoozehTopraghi Watershed, Ardabil Province

نویسندگان [English]

  • Raoof Mosrafazadeh 1
  • Layla Babaei 2
  • Nazila Alaie 2
  • Zeinab Hazbavi 3
1 Associate Professor, Department of Natural Resources, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Water Management Research Center, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Iran
2 Ph.D. Student Watershed Management Science and Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources, Urmia University, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Natural Resources, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Water Management Research Center, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Iran
چکیده [English]

The present study aims to analyze the ecological security in the KoozehTopraghi Watershed, Ardabil Province, based on the pattern and process-related criteria that cover both land use class and sub-watershed levels. Towards this, firstly, the comprehensive indicator of landscape pattern was calculated via integrating criteria of the splitting index (SPLIT), largest patch index (LPI), edge density (ED), and patch density (PD), and the comprehensive indicator of landscape process was calculated according to the criteria of division (DIVISION), mean patch area (AREA-MN), aggregation index (AI), fractal dimension (FRACTAL), and coefficient of soil erosion intensity (Z). Then, the landscape ecological security index (LSI) was calculated and assessed based on a combination of two main indicators at two levels of class and landscape for 36 sub-watersheds. Finally, the status of LSI was classified into five categories very low, low, medium, high, and very high. It was found that the study watershed has a low level of LSI. Besides, the values ​​of comprehensive indicators of landscape pattern and process were equal to 0.28 and 0.37, respectively. The mean LSI was 0.25. The maximum LSI was equal to 0.78 for sub-watershed 14 (southern part) and its minimum value was calculated at 0.03 for sub-watershed 33 (northern part). Overall, the southern and southwestern parts of the watershed were classified in the high and medium security categories, and the northern parts were classified as very low security. The present results can be used for land use planning, ecological impact assessment, and watershed resource management.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Ecological Cohesion
  • Environmental Change
  • Human Interventions
  • Landscape Metrics
  • Watershed Ecology
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